The Methodist Understanding of the Priesthood of All Believers Essay

The Methodist Understanding of the Priesthood of All Believers - Essay Example According to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that many Protestants deny the biblical doctrine of the priesthood of all believers. If Roman Catholics have only one pope, the Protestants have many, but not literally having popes with the same roles and position in a church. For the Catholic Priesthood, ordinary believers in Christ are not worthy to talk directly to God and that they need someone more deserving to mediate for a fee. Traditionally, Catholics and their members follow the custom of confession—the act of using intermediary such as the priest to confess one’s thoughts or feelings in order to be forgiven because they regard the priests as â€Å"holy† and â€Å"authorize† to relay your plea to God. The Methodists believe that the only way to get to heaven is to put faith in Jesus as the Saviour. But plainly believing in Christ is not enough. You have to be baptized and do good works to profess your faith as such when Jesus performe d good works and preaching in his time. Moreover, if they sin, they ask forgiveness in Christ and try not to commit the same sin again. The Protestant reformers emphasized that this salvation is a product of Gods grace alone. Ephesians 2:8-9 (King James Version Bible) gives evidence to this doctrine as it says, "For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God: Not of works, lest any man should boast,† and asserts that "Therefore we conclude that a man is justified by faith without the deeds of the law". God’s grace through salvation is not just about the forgiveness of sins but also liberation from death and hell. Since God bestows on the people His undeserved kindness, neither good works nor pious religious practices in themselves can earn salvation.

Marketing of Art Products Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Marketing of Art Products - Assignment Example This analysis focuses on the various aspects of arts marketing and evaluates whether the different conduits for arts sales could be considered as efficient in their sales and marketing approach. The sales outlets for marketing of art products largely depend on direct consumers, festival or exhibition visitors and also on sponsors. Olkonnen et al (2000) argue that there is little or no academic interest or research studies on the phenomenon of commercial sponsorship on arts, sports and media events. Sponsorship as a study of marketing management is largely defined by marketing mix and mass communication and Olkonnen et al claim that sponsorship could be better defined by applying the approach towards networking and interaction. Networking in marketing of arts focuses on understanding the dynamics of sponsorship as a method of networks and relationships and also interpersonal communication rather than sponsorship as a measure of effects on the audience or consumers. The art festival is one of the major marketing tools through which a large number of art enthusiasts could be assembled to focus on both the academic and the commercial aspects of art. Waterman (1998) writes that despite the prominence and ubiquity of such art festivals these festivals have not been studied or researched to an appropriate degree. These art festivals serve as a platform for new artists and also from a social perspective transform places and settings into environments thriving with the production and processing ad even consumption of the very essence of culture which seem to be available within a specific location. The way a particular culture in manifested and projected becomes very obvious in festivals and festivals play a major role in highlighting cultural aspects of art apart from being a major conduit for the sale and marketing of arts. Waterman (1998) goes a bit further in discussion the implications of these festivals and suggests that support for arts is a pro cess used by elites to distance themselves from the other classes of society. Thus being a patron of arts marks out someone as member of refined or higher social class. However the changing nature of festivals is obvious as from being traditionally innovative and being controlled by artistic directors, these festivals are now increasingly controlled by marketing managers and agencies who have been transforming arts into an industry with a strong potential for marketing and attracting consumers at a large scale. Arts festivals are now seen as serving the dual purpose of marketing the arts products as also advertising the place in which such festivals are held and thus tend to attract sponsors and agencies that have many different marketing approaches and motivations. Waterman (1998) suggests that the concept of festival for arts and economics may be related to tensions between culture and cultural politics. Direct marketing of art objects is one of the more traditional and common ways of marketing and selling art products. Arnold and Tapp (2003) suggest that direct marketing is being increasingly used by non profit organisations to reach consumers, raise sales and revenues and improve long term consumer relationships. In case of selling of arts

Explanatory synthesis paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Explanatory synthesis paper - Essay Example It is good to note that advertisements alone are not enough. Hence, advertisers couple advertising with branding. Branding involves the forming of an outstanding and unique image of the service or product so as to make a niche out of the target group that can identify with the service or product. Advertising and branding have both merits and demerits that affect the society on which they are expressed upon. This paper looks at the effects of advertising on society. The ideas on which these effects are based upon include health, psychological appeals, creativity and economic importance. Researchers have researched on the ways by which advertisements affect people mentally. By stating mentally, it means the way in which the perspective of people in the society towards what is being advertised is affected. Depending on their education levels, gender and age, people in the society are affected differently. Baker (2001) states that, the executives of advertising companies claimed that the advertisements that are broadcast affect the interests of students as the advertisements are delivered in manner that appeals to them. Advertisers make use of various appeals like power and status, and the appeal to a certain belonging so as to ensure that the aim of the particular advertisement is attained. Agencies that are involved with regulation of advertisements have stated that various advertisements are not in accordance with the promotion of healthy eating habits. They state that advertisers take advantage of the vulnerability of school going children and teenagers to lead them into eating junk food which is a major cause of obesity. Crary (2007), states that the Campaign for a Commercial – Free Childhood indicates that the advertisement Shrek the Third promotes the undertaking of unhealthy foods which is depicted by Shrek an animated ogre. This is complicated by the fact that Shrek is used in two advertisements that tend to

Household changes, I.E Lifecycle changes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Household changes, I.E Lifecycle changes - Essay Example The Life-Cycle Model of Consumption and Saving tells us that younger people have a tendency borrow money so they can spend it on education and housing ( Browning and Crossley, 2001). Young people spend their money on buying things while they are young professionals. As for young people, their tendency is to go overboard in their purchases which make them work harder to pay off credit card debts. Because of this young people incur debts through credit card. If this is a common behavior for most people, then old people have few money left for them at that time they badly need it : for hospitalization and burial. By the time this young people reach middle age, debts have already piled up since they are burdened with their child’s education and house mortgage. As they approach old age or retirement, the savings ( if there are any) are slowly used since they get sickly and have medical bills. Over-all, a person’s savings in a lifetime is really small unless you are used to s aving money as a

EMR feasability Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

EMR feasability - Article Example It is feasible to implement Electronic Medical Records (EMR) in hospitals that plan strategically to accomplish the inaugural state requirements of a meaningful use. EMR is an essential and exciting step towards the right direction. Currently in this rural area, there are no certified products of EMR in the market; however, the bodies responsible for certification are already planning to do so. This certification process and technological interoperability within the healthcare facilities have been awarded significant thought and attention by government officials and healthcare leaders. The feasibility of implementing EMR is limited with time; however, the process of implementation is very realistic and feasible. This will bring major changes in the healthcare industry; therefore the implementation process should be given top priority due to its feasibility. The paper has ascertained that creation of inter-related health systems, rather than stay alone silos of rural health care syste ms is a realistic opportunity to implement an EMR medical offices (Jones, 2008). The implementation of EMR is beneficial in the following ways; EMR improves greatly the quality of care through keeping up to date patient records and enhancing their accessibility; EMR allows easy tracking of patients by clinic staff who need follow up care; EMR allows physicians to find comprehensive patient medical records from the past; EMR improves the ability of clinicians to help the patients in managing the treatment of most complex diseases; and it also allows researchers and clinicians to analyze long term trends and patient data. On the other hand, implementation of the EMR has a lot of challenges some of which are: need for training data clerks in data entry and management which can be expensive to the implementer; setting up a system of information technology can be much expensive on the part of the implementer;

United States (US) Constitution and government Essay Example for Free

United States (US) Constitution and government Essay In a stirring analysis of the system of checks and balances that was to form the cornerstone of the United States (US) Constitution and government, James Madison underscores how the structure of government must ensure the proper functioning of the system (1788). He argues that for each particular branch of the government – the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary – to both maintain autonomy and yet be accountable, â€Å"the defect must be supplied, by so contriving the interior structure of the government as that its several constituent parts may, by their mutual relations, be the means of keeping each other in their proper places† (Madison 1788). Two aspects become important here: firstly, each branch of the government had to retain independence of the other two in order to work smoothly and without hindrance; secondly, there was to be as little role in the appointment of the members of one branch by those of another. The natural mode of selection, therefore, becomes popular choice. However, as Madison notes, given the specific requirements of the members of the judiciary, popular selection may be â€Å"inexpedient† (1788). Indeed, judicial positions were determined by the US Constitution to be filled by executive appointment; over time, this has tended to indicate a tacit complicity between the executive and the judiciary, rather than independence. Perhaps, it may have been wiser to allow the executive to forward a list of possible appointees to the judiciary, and popular election would decide who finally receives the appointments. Madison stressed on the distribution of power among and within the three branches in a such a way that the pulls and pressures of each would satisfactorily balance the other, and government as a whole would pave the way for the pursuit of liberty. He understood that the most important check would come from the people, with a system of control flowing not only from the rulers to the ruled, but also in the reverse direction. Government, thus, would be based on consent with citizens reserving the right to recall. However, he also advocated a system of â€Å"auxiliary controls† that would supply  Ã¢â‚¬Å"†¦by opposite and rival interests, the defect of better motives†¦where the constant aim is to divide and arrange the several offices in such a manner as that each may be a check on the other–––that the private interest of every individual may be a sentinel over the public rights.† (Madison 1788) Each branch of government received a source of authority that would abridge any tendency by the others to exercise absolute power. Thus, as the legislature retained both the purse strings of the US and the final word on international treaties, the executive retained control over the armed forces, while the judiciary maintained the right to review legislations and executive actions. However, in the light of recent history, it must be said that the US presidency has assumed a position of almost unrestrained authority, and the influence of the executive over the other two branches has become a prominent feature of US politics. Madison failed to foresee this; in fact, he thought that the democratic system of governance in the country would make the legislature preeminent (1788). Madison ends with two important observations. Firstly, he mentions the safeguards for individual liberty arising out of not only the federal constitution but also the state constitutions. Secondly, he cautions against majoritarian tyranny by calling for the development of a ‘societal will’ and the deconstruction of any homogeneous majority through the toleration of diverse practices, views, and beliefs and through â€Å"many separate descriptions of citizens† (Madison 1788), a task that still remains incomplete. References Madison, J. (1788) ‘The Structure of the Government Must Furnish the Proper Checks and Balances Between the Different Departments.’ The Federalist No. 51. Retrieved 29 April, 2008, from http://www.constitution.org/fed/federa51.htm

Improving Access to Mental Health Services in New Zealand

Improving Access to Mental Health Services in New Zealand FINLEY FERNAN L. ORDENIZA IMPROVEMENT OF MENTAL HEALTH ACCESS FOR SERVICES AND ITS WELLBEING FOR MAORI PEOPLE ABSTRACT Mental Health and wellness promotion is not a fresh concept for Maori people here in New Zealand, but rather it is new on terms of mental health services that focused more on diseases in the past. Maori people got so many practices and one of them are â€Å"tapu† and noa, manakitanga†, it is a philosophy and native practice of caring for their family when sick and not well. The treaty of Waitangi 1840 was to provide protection and to enhance the wellbeing of the natives in New Zealand called â€Å"tangata whenau†. However the government was trying to deal with different Maori groups to resolve the grievances in the past but then it contributed to as risk factor that affects the mental health/ state of individuals. Nowadays, a distinct view is arising of how the Maori people wanted to view themselves in medium term and the wellness and mental health mean in the perspective of the Treaty, they claim that there was a great improvement on their health except for their mental health as long as the Crown would properly addressed and agrees the socioeconomic, justice and educational issues of the self-determination (tino rangatiratanga) by Maori. According to District Health Board report in 2009/10, approximately 120,293 individuals sought for mental health services and 116,645 of these individuals were seen by the District Health Board while 12,256 clients was by the Non-government Organization, and a great increase by 8.1% from 2008/09 on the total counts of individuals seen. Noticeably 54% of those individuals seen were male. Overall the clients identified as having the highest numbers sought mental health services are the Maori people by 22.4%. Demographically speaking according to the report it shows 2.7 times people living on the deprived area seen by the mental health services compare to the least deprived areas. INTRODUCTION Working as a Community Support Worker in IHC and dealing with those intellectually and mentally challenged clients inspire and helps me in choosing this topic for my research on how things need to be for the improvement of the mental health access for services and its wellbeing specifically for Maori people in line to the Treaty of Waitangi and analysing vital ethics and power cultural safety principles on healthcare practice. Mental health as defined by the World Health Organization is a state of wellbeing of an individual realizing his/her own potential, how an individual copes with the normal stresses in life, on how an individual work productively and lastly able to contribute something to his/her own community. In addition to that, World Health Organization emphasizes the meaning of health, wherein for them it was the overall state of a person’s physical, mental, social aspects and not purely the non-existence of disease or illness. To start with, knowing and understanding the nature and extent of Maori’s mental health should be taken in consideration first to meet their mental health needs and effectively handle Maori’s mental disorders and health problems. Te Rau Hinengaro, a New Zealand Mental Health survey provides vital information and track the trends for the past years till present though this survey report focus more on adult Maoris ranging from 16 years old and over and these result help the authorities track what should be done concerning Maori’s mental health and accessing Mental Health services. On this survey they found vital facts learned that one in every three Maori adults met the criteria for at least one mental disorder on the past 12 months and half of the Maori had been experiencing mental health illness in their lifetime. They also learned that in Maori, developing a single mental health illness was usual. The came out with a conclusion that socioeconomic status of Maori was vital that affects their mental health, and mental health illnesses are most common to Maori people aged 16-44 years old but less common within older age group. Maori women had larger occurrence of having metal health disorder compare to men. Though having higher number affected with mental disorder/illness on Maoris, the number of Maoris who seek health services are lower than non-Maori people. ANALYSIS The topic and issue was all about improvement on the access of mental health services by New Zealanders specifically the tangata whenau or the indigenous people called Maori with proper acknowledgement of Te Tiriti or Waitangi and its respective principles that governs the entire characteristics of mental health service provision. Wherein the Mental Health Commission recognizes the importance of this Treaty as the original outline for relations between the Crown and the Maori people. As a healthcare service provider, the significance of this issue was it open our minds on the existing problem that Maori people experiencing nowadays, in contrary with the Treaty implications wherein it says in article one that with regards to the public funding and delivery of mental health services, it needs significant consultation with the Maori people and they should by involve in the development of those services. The other thing was in article two about Maoris self-determination that gives Maori people with more chances to establish and implement strategies and services that would enhance mental health services, Maoris wellbeing outcomes and mental health status. And lastly, the article three of these implications that the Crown make sure that the Maori receive the same rights of citizenship and benefits that includes the equal access to mental health services, the equal health and wellbeing outcomes, accessible mainstream mental health services that meets Maoris needs. According to the result from the analysis of Te Rau Hinengaro 2003/04 27, it illustrates the Maori people generally have higher rates of mental disorders than non-Maori people and higher level of need for mental health services is not currently met. Continuous and consistent effort should be needed to create pathways of care, the environments and workforce to effective for Maori mental health service users and their family. Whanau Ora carries all Maori aspirations about mental health and delivers an approach that establish whanau capability and gives assistance for Maori families to attain their overall health and wellbeing. For these services to be efficient for the Maori people, they need to meet the comprehensive health and mental needs of the service user in their whanau setting. They should also recognize the contexts of the service user’s being and objectives. Distinguished a Maori world sight in rendering the service and approach appropriately in Maori’s culture, able to point out the barriers to Maori who access mental health services and surge access for Maori to equal access to mental health services. At present, the government proposed a change based on the manual created named Blueprint 2, it emphasizes the recovery approach and the initiative to offer access mental health services for Maori people that are moved by mental health issues here in New Zealand. The Government are focusing on the needs of the Maori people with mental health issues notably influence their total health and their capacity to be effective neither at home and work. The government also was conscious in terms of the benefits if early response and recognition to achieve positive result for Maori people and for society. Latest survey shows that New Zealand still one of the highest suicidal rates among the youth in a developed world and disparities in mental health outcomes for Maori and Non-Maori people. This Blueprint 2 according to the government will help achieve better vision and outcome in the future especially for Maori people, as they emphasize that â€Å"mental health and wellbeing is everyoneâ€℠¢s business†, putting the phase for the future wherein people concerned does their part in protecting and refining mental health and wellbeing. At the government believes that mental health and wellbeing shows a vital role in building a well-effective and useful society. When this proposal would be successfully implemented, heaps of great improvement to Maori’s mental health due to access to services would happen. Some of these are, Maori people suffering from mental health issues doesn’t need to wait for help; they become partners in the process of care; mental health issues will be accepted and treated accordingly on the entire life-course; they would experience good mental health due to hand on hand partnership of the government and the community. Providing an overview of the ‘best practice’ trends for managing the issue is to recognize and create efficient management Maori’s mental health problems. Though it is known that mental health problems are common to them but unfortunately their needs were not met appropriately especially accessing mental health services here in New Zealand. Determining mental health issues and delivering immediate services to Maori people should be considered as the main concern. Rendering most effective level of mental health service to them, the government should acknowledged sole viewpoint in Maori’s culture. They should determine Maori’s perception on how they deal with mental health problems and how they do it prior on rendering this mental health services to them. The Ministry of Health here in New Zealand are trying all the best shots in dealing with mental health problems within Maori people and the accessibility of mental health services but not enough to say that the project was a success. There are heaps of things should be done and changes in terms of accessible mental health services and the government should take in consideration to recognize that there is higher occurrence of mental health disorders within Maori people and their needs for having the said treatment was increasingly unmet as well; the government should prioritize Maori people when determining mental health illnesses/disorders and prioritize them when rendering early actions; the government should recognize that there is a difference within Maori people on how they see the health problem as a whole, their knowledge regarding mental health problem and their treatment goals based on their culture and beliefs; ensuring care rendered to them is culturally in a right manner a nd lastly create a partnership with Maori healthcare providers and treatment should be acceptable to clients culture and their whanau. In addition, in terms of accepting mental health problems in Maori, mostly they exhibit mental health disorder likely the same way with non-Maori clients but healthcare provider should welcome appearance including much spiritual and physical manifestations of suffering. Majority of health professionals should be conscious with these manifestations to be able to search for expert advice to clear the problem and render proper actions. Having an effective communication between health professionals and clients is a meaningful aspect to be able to distinguish mental health problem/ disorder and so appropriate mental health services will be rendered as early as possible depending on client’s needs. Providing enough time to establishing therapeutic relationship is vital on the entire process. Like for example the GP would introduce himself properly and knowing his/her client well, the GP should dig more deeply the client’s background, culture, about client’s family/ wha nau and create good connection. Providing the client all the time and patiently listening to client’s story contribute as well for a successful treatment process. And the other thing was, the GP or healthcare provider should take into account that mental health problems usually go along with substance abuse problems and clients/ individuals may encounter heaps of mental health problems at the same time. Analysing the ethics and power cultural safety used on healthcare practice the government should recognize different principles for better understanding and as a guide on rendering mental health care services to Maori people. The first principle was, the cultural safety’s goal was to enhance the New Zealanders wellbeing and relates entire relationships by emphasizing positive health consequences and health improvements, healthcare providers including nurses and GP’s should recognize Maori’s beliefs and customs compared to other non-Maori clients like for instance and this could be according to their age or group, sexuality, sexual preference, profession and social and economic status, ethnic foundation, spiritual belief and disability. The second principle of cultural safety aims to improve the provision of health and disability services by having a culturally safe healthcare professional workforce in a way like recognizing the power connection between the service provider and the individuals who are using the health services. The healthcare professional acknowledge and works together with other people after undertaking a thorough process of institutional and own analysis and enabling the service users. Individuals should be able to convey degrees of identified hazard or safety. Helping healthcare professionals to comprehend the diversity throughout their own cultural reality and the effect of that to any individuals who varies in some other way from themselves. Concerning social science models that strengthen the art of healthcare practice, wherein understanding that healthcare practice is further than carrying out the duty but rather it is more on responding and relating effectively to individuals with varied nee ds in such a way that the people who uses the health services can characterize as safe. The third principle of cultural safety is general in its application by accepting the disparities within healthcare communications that signifies the microcosm of disparities in health that have existed throughout history and inside our nation and more largely on addressing the source and result association of history, politics, socioeconomic status, housing, education, sexuality, personal experiences of individuals using health services. In addition, recognizing the validity of disparity and diversity in people’s attitudes and social structure and recognizing the behaviour and beliefs, guidelines and customs of health and disability service providers can turn as barriers on accessing the services concerning quality development on rendering the service and service user’s rights. Lastly the fourth principle concerning cultural safety has an attached emphasis on comprehending the effect of the healthcare professional as a carrier of his/her own culture; the history, behaviour and life experiences. Challenging healthcare provider to assess their custom carefully, accepting the power relationship in healthcare is biased toward the health and disability service provider. This principle emphasize on balancing the power connections in healthcare practice so that every client receives an efficient service, prepare healthcare professionals to decide any tension between the cultures of healthcare professional and the service users. Recognizing that those power imbalances can be assessed, bargained and changed to render equitable, efficient and appropriate delivery of service wherein it lowers the risk to the people who may then estranged from the service. This principle highlights that result on understanding of self, the rights of other people and validity of dispari ties and it should support the healthcare professional with skills in working with different type of people. REFERENCES Word Health Organization. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/mental_health/en/ Mental Health Commission (June 2012). Retrieved from http://www.hdc.org.nz/media/207642/blueprint%20ii%20how%20things%20need%20to%20be.pdf Ministry of Health. 2013. Mental Health and Addiction: Service use 2009/10. Wellington: Ministry of Health. Retrieved from http://www.health.govt.nz/publication/mental-health-and-addiction-service-use-2009-10 Best Practice Journal. Recognising and managing mental health problems in MÄ ori. Retrieved from http://www.bpac.org.nz/BPJ/2010/June/mentalhealth.aspx â€Å"Oakley Browne M, Wells J, Scott K, (eds). Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand Mental Health Survey. Wellington, New Zealand: Ministry of Health; 2006.† â€Å"Ministry of Health. Te Puawaitanga: Maori mental health national strategic framework. Wellington: Ministry of Health; 2002.†